Nutrition Reviews, 2010, 68(9):542–555.

Clinical pharmacology of isoflavones and its relevance for potential prevention of prostate cancer

Paul L de Souza, Laurence G Howes, et al

St. George Hospital Clinical School, UNSW, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia; et al

Isoflavones are phytoestrogens that have pleiotropic effects in a wide variety of cancer cell lines. Many of these biological effects involve key components of signal transduction pathways within cancer cells, including prostate cancer cells. Epidemiological studies have raised the hypothesis that isoflavones may play an important role in the prevention and modulation of prostate cancer growth. Since randomized phase III trials of isoflavones in prostate cancer prevention are currently lacking, the best evidence for this concept is presently provided by case control studies. However, in vitro data are much more convincing in regard to the activity of a number of isoflavones, and have led to the development of genistein and phenoxodiol in the clinic as potential treatments for cancer. In addition, the potential activity of isoflavones in combination with cytotoxics or radiotherapy warrants further investigation. This review focuses on the clinical pharmacology of isoflavones and its relevance to their development for use in the prevention of prostate cancer, and it evaluates some of the conflicting data in the literature.

美国《营养综述》，2010年9月

异黄酮的临床药理学及其潜在预防前列腺癌的关系

保罗L 索萨，劳伦斯 G 豪斯等

澳大利亚新南威尔士大学圣乔治医院临床学校等

异黄酮是一种对种类繁多肿瘤细胞具有多效性影响的植物雌激素。在这些生物性影响中许多都包含涉及到癌症细胞例如前列腺癌的细胞内信号转导通路的关键因素。流行病学研究已经提出异黄酮在预防和调节前列腺癌生长方面可能发挥重要作用的假说。由于目前仍然缺乏异黄酮预防前列腺癌的随机III期临床试验，这一概念最好的证据是目前提供的病例对照研究。然而，体外关于一定数目大豆异黄酮活性的数据更加令人信服，并且促进染料木素和 脱氢雌马酚在临床上作为潜在的癌症治疗方法的发展。此外，具有潜在活性的异黄酮与传统化疗或放疗结合的方法值得进一步研究。本文综述的重点是异黄酮的临床药理学以及其用于预防前列腺癌的相关性发展，并且它评价了一些文献中相互矛盾的数据。