Current Cancer Therapy Reviews, 2010, 6(4):308-316.

Dietary Agents for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: An Overview

Natalie A. Venier, Neil E. Fleshner, et al

Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common internal malignancy and the third most frequent cause of cancer death in men. It is estimated that in each week of 2009 over 490 Canadian men were diagnosed with PCa, and 85 will have died from the disease. The introduction of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) screening tests has contributed in part, to men being diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Chemoprevention is a strategy whereby patients are administered drugs, vitamins, or other agents to prevent/reduce the risk of cancer progression and/ or delay the development of its recurrence thereby decreasing patient morbidity and mortality. PCa has a long latency period, thereby offering plenty of opportunity to intervene through the implementation of chemopreventive therapies. A large body of epidemiologic evidence, together with published data from in vivo and in vitro studies, strongly supports relationships between dietary constituents and the risk of prostate cancer. This article aims to review the diverse aspects of chemoprevention including the benefit of both macro- and micronutrients that have been implicated in prostate cancer prevention. In addition we discuss perspectives on the putative mechanisms of selected chemopreventive agents and highlight several clinical studies using specific chemopreventive interventions.

《当代癌症治疗评论》，2010年11月

化学预防前列腺癌的饮食试剂︰ 综述

娜塔莉 A 尼雅，尼尔 E 弗雷等

加拿大多伦多新宁健康科学中心泌尿外科，加拿大多伦多玛嘉烈医院泌尿外科

前列腺癌 (PCa) 是最常见的内脏恶性肿瘤，并且在最常见的男性癌症死亡率中排名第三。据估计，在 2009 年，每周超过 490 个加拿大男人被诊断患有 PCa，和并且85人 将死于这种疾病。PSA （前列腺特异性抗原）被 引入到筛选测试中，促成了男子在早期阶段被诊断出来并治疗。化学预防是指病人被施用药物、 维生素或其他试剂以防止/减少癌症发展的风险和/或延缓其复发的方法，从而减少病人的发病率和死亡率。PCa有一个很长的潜伏期，从而提供大量的机会通过实施化学预防的方法来干预。大量的流行病学证据和从体内和体外研究已发布的数据强有力地证实了饮食成分和前列腺癌风险之间的关系。这篇文章旨在综述与预防前列腺癌有牵连的宏量或微量营养素的效益在化学预防的不同方面。此外我们探讨了选定的化学预防剂的假定机制，并且强调了几个使用了特定化学预防干预的临床研究。