ancer & Metastasis Review, 2010, 29(3):465-82.

Inhibition of cancer cell invasion and metastasis by genistein

Janet M. Pavese,  Rebecca L. Farmer, Raymond C. Bergan

Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Lurie 6-105 303 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; et al

Genistein is a small, biologically active flavonoid that is found in high amounts in soy. This important compound possesses a wide variety of biological activities, but it is best known for its ability to inhibit cancer progression. In particular, genistein has emerged as an important inhibitor of cancer metastasis. Consumption of genistein in the diet has been linked to decreased rates of metastatic cancer in a number of population-based studies. Extensive investigations have been performed to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying genistein's antimetastatic activity, with results indicating that this small molecule has significant inhibitory activity at nearly every step of the metastatic cascade. Reports have demonstrated that, at high concentrations, genistein can inhibit several proteins involved with primary tumor growth and apoptosis, including the cyclin class of cell cycle regulators and the Akt family of proteins. At lower concentrations that are similar to those achieved through dietary consumption, genistein can inhibit the prometastatic processes of cancer cell detachment, migration, and invasion through a variety of mechanisms, including the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway. Several in vitro findings have been corroborated in both in vivo animal studies and in early-phase human clinical trials, demonstrating that genistein can both inhibit human cancer metastasis and also modulate markers of metastatic potential in humans, respectively. Herein, we discuss the variety of mechanisms by which genistein regulates individual steps of the metastatic cascade and highlight the potential of this natural product as a promising therapeutic inhibitor of metastasis.

荷兰《癌症与转移综述》，2010年9月

通过金雀异黄素抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移

珍妮特 M  帕维，丽贝卡  L 法默，雷蒙德 C 贝尔加

美国西北大学医学院等

金雀异黄素是一种分子量小、 具有生物活性的黄酮类化合物，被发现在大豆中含量比较高。这种重要化合物拥有种类繁多的生物活性，但是最著名的是它能够抑制癌症的发展。特别地，金雀异黄素已成为一种重要的肿瘤转移抑制剂。很多基于人群的研究已经将染料木黄酮在饮食中的消耗与转移性癌症率降低相联系。进行了广泛调查，以确定染料木黄酮的抗转移活性的分子机制，结果表明这种小分子几乎对每一步转移阶段都有显著的抑制作用。报告表明，在浓度很高时，染料木黄酮可以抑制参与原发性肿瘤生长和凋亡的几种蛋白质，包括细胞周期调控因子的细胞周期素类和 Akt 蛋白家族。在低浓度下，类似于那些膳食消耗，染料木黄酮可以通过各种机制，包括转化生长因子 (TGF) -β 信号通路，抑制癌症细胞脱离、 迁移和侵袭的转移过程。几项体外研究结果在体内动物研究和早期阶段人体临床试验中均被证实，证明该染料木黄酮分别可以抑制癌细胞转移并且调节人体转移潜能的标记。这里，我们讨论了染料木黄酮调节转移阶段步骤的各种机制并且强调了这种天然产物作为一种有希望的转移抑制剂的潜力。