Nutrition & Cancer, 2013, 65 suppl 1(1):12-25.

Advances in Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: A Translational Perspective

Dhanya Nambiar, Rana Singh

Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

Chemopreventive interventions are steadily emerging as an important aspect of cancer management and control. Herein, we have discussed the major epidemiological and clinical studies advocating the role of androgen inhibitors, flavonoids and antioxidants in preventing prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen inhibitors have lately been discussed not only in treatment of PCa, but also as preventive agents especially after trials with Finasteride and Dutasteride. Flavonoids such as silibinin, green tea polyphenols, genistein, curcumin have shown great promise, but avenues to improve their bioavailability are requisite. Agents with antioxidant potentials like lycopene, selenium, and vitamin E have also been explored. Antioxidant trials have yielded mixed results or benefitted only a subgroup of population, although further studies are needed to establish them as preventive agent. Although a majority of the trials resulted in positive outcomes supporting their role as preventive agents; one should be cautious of neutral or negative results as well. For clinical applicability of these agents, we need to identify the ideal target population, time of intervention, appropriate dosage, and extent of intervention required. Incoherency of data with these agents urges for a stringent study design and thorough interpretation to accurately judge the necessity and feasibility of the preventive measures.

美国《营养与癌症》，2013年1月

前列腺癌化学预防的研究进展︰ 一种前行的远景

南比尔 半谷，辛格 拉纳

印度新德里贾瓦哈拉尔尼赫鲁大学生命科学学院癌症生物学实验室

化学预防干预措施正在稳步成为癌症治疗和控制的一个重要方面。此处，我们讨论了倡导抗前列腺癌 (PCa)的雄激素抑制剂、 黄酮类化合物和抗氧化剂的主要流行病学和临床研究。最近不仅在治疗PCa方面讨论了雄激素抑制剂，并且可以作为预防药物特别是在后非那雄胺和度他雄胺的试验之后。水飞蓟宾、 绿茶茶多酚、金雀异黄素、 姜黄素等黄酮类化合物已经表现出广大的前景，但提高其生物利用度的方法十分必要。抗氧化电位的药物例如番茄红素，硒，和维生素 E被探讨。抗氧化试验得到了混合性结果或者只对分组人口有益，虽然需要进一步的研究来确认它们可以作为预防药物。虽然大多数试验会得到积极的结果，支持其作为预防药物；但是其中还有谨慎的中立或负面的结果。对于这些药物的临床适用性，我们需要确定理想目标人群，干预时间， 合适的剂量，和干预的程度。这些药物不相干的数据需要严格的研究设计和彻底的解释来准确判断预防措施的必要性和可行性。