Food Chemistry, 2016, 196:589-600.

Understanding genistein in cancer: The ‘‘good” and the ‘‘bad” effects: A Review

Maria Russo, Gian Luigi Russo, Maria Daglia, et al

Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy; et al

Nowadays, diet and specific dietary supplements are seen as potential adjuvants to prevent different chronic diseases, including cancer, or to ameliorate pharmacological therapies. Soybean is one of the most important food components in Asian diet. A plethora of evidence supports the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of genistein, a soybean isoflavone. Major tumors affected by genistein here reviewed are breast, prostate, colon, liver, ovarian, bladder, gastric, brain cancers, neuroblastoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, it is not always clear if and when genistein is beneficial against tumors (the "good" effects), or the opposite, when the same molecule exerts adverse effects (the "bad" effects), favouring cancer cell proliferation. This review will critically evaluate this concept in the light of the different molecular mechanisms of genistein which occur when the molecule is administered at low doses (chemopreventive effects), or at high doses (pharmacological effects).

英国《食品化学》, 2016, 196:589-600.

认识金雀异黄素在癌症中 “好"坏"的影响︰ 综述

研究所的食品科学，国家研究理事会，83100 阿韦利诺，意大利;

如今，饮食和特定的膳食补充剂被视为潜在的辅助剂，以防止不同的慢性疾病，包括癌症，或改善药物治疗。大豆是亚洲饮食中最重要的食品成分之一。大量的证据支持染料木素、 大豆异黄酮在体内和体外具有抗肿瘤的作用。这里主要论述染料木黄酮对主要肿瘤如乳腺癌、 前列腺癌、 结肠、 肝脏、 卵巢、 膀胱、 胃、 脑肿瘤、 神经母细胞瘤和慢性淋巴细胞性白血病的作用。然而，当相同分子施加不利影响（“坏”效应），有利于癌细胞增殖时，染料木黄酮是何时对肿瘤有益（“良好”效应）或相反，并不总是清楚。该综述将根据染料木黄酮的不同分子机制以低剂量（化学预防效应）或高剂量（药理作用）施用时发生的，来批判性地评价该概念。