Annales D Endocrinologie, 2015, 76(1):25-41.

Prostate cancer: The main risk and protective factors –Epigenetic modifications

Mawussi Adjakly, Marjolaine Ngollo, Aslihan Dagdemir, et al

Département d’oncogénétique, CBRV, centre Jean-Perrin, 28, place Henri-Dunant, BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France

With 13 million new cases worldwide every year, prostate cancer is as a very real public health concern. Prostate cancer is common in over-50s men and the sixth-leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Like all cancers, prostate cancer is multifactorial - there are non-modifiable risk factors like heredity, ethnicity and geographic location, but also modifiable risk factors such as diet. Diet-cancer linkages have risen to prominence in the last few years, with accruing epidemiological data pointing to between-population incidence differentials in numerous cancers. Indeed, there are correlations between fat-rich diet and risk of hormone-dependent cancers like prostate cancer and breast cancer. Diet is a risk factor for prostate cancer, but certain micronutrients in specific diets are considered protective factors against prostate cancer. Examples include tomato lycopene, green tea epigallocatechin gallate, and soy phytoestrogens. These micronutrients are thought to exert cancer-protective effects via anti-oxidant pathways and inhibition of cell proliferation. Here, we focus in on the effects of phytoestrogens, and chiefly genistein and daidzein, which are the best-researched to date. Soy phytoestrogens are nonsteroid molecules whose structural similarity lends them the ability to mimic the effects of 17ß-estradiol. On top of anti-oxidant effects, there is evidence that soy phytoestrogens can modulate the epigenetic modifications found in prostate cancer. We also studied the impact of phytoestrogens on epigenetic modifications in prostate cancer, with special focus on DNA methylation, miRNA-mediated regulation and histone modifications.

法国《内分泌学年鉴》，2015年2月

前列腺癌︰ 主要的风险和保护性因素-表观遗传改性

马乔莱恩 奈格楼，阿斯力汗 达代米尔，等

法国亨利-杜南中心CBRV

随着全球每年新增1300万新病例，前列腺癌已经成为一个真正的公共卫生问题。在50多岁的男性中常见前列腺癌，是全球男性癌症相关死亡的第六大原因。 像所有癌症一样，前列腺癌是多因素的造成的，其中包括不可修改的风险因素，如遗传，种族和地理位置，还有可改变的风险因素，如饮食。 饮食 - 癌症之间的联系在过去几年中已经上升到显著地位，流行病学数据指出对于多种癌症人种之间发病率的差异。 事实上，富含脂肪的饮食与激素依赖性癌症如前列腺癌和乳腺癌的风险之间存在相关性。饮食是前列腺癌的一个风险因素，但某些特定饮食中的微量元素被认为是前列腺癌的防护因素。 实例包括番茄红素，绿茶表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和大豆植物雌激素。 这些微量营养素被认为通过抗氧化途径和抑制细胞增殖来发挥治疗癌症作用。 在这里，我们专注于植物雌激素的作用，特别是金雀异黄素和黄豆苷原，这是迄今为止最好的研究。 大豆植物雌激素是非类固醇分子，其结构相似性使它们能够模拟17β-雌二醇的作用。 除了抗氧化作用之外，有证据表明，大豆植物雌激素可调节前列腺癌的表观遗传修饰。 我们还研究了植物雌激素对前列腺癌表观遗传修饰的影响，特别关注DNA甲基化，miRNA介导的调节和组蛋白修饰。